STANDARDIZATION LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ——附加英文版
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
STANDARDIZATION LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Adopted at the Fifth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Seventh National People's Congress on December 29, 1988, promulgated by
Order No. 11 of the President of the People's Republic of China on
December 29, 1988, and effective as of April 1, 1989)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Formulation of Standards
Chapter III Implementation of Standards
Chapter IV Legal Responsibility
Chapter V Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is formulated with a view to developing the socialist commodity
economy, promoting technical progress, improving product quality,
increasing social and economic benefits, safeguarding the interests of the
State and the people and suiting standardization to the needs in socialist
modernization and in the development of economic relations with foreign
countries.
Article 2
Standards shall be formulated for the following technical requirements
that need to be unified:
(1) the varieties, specifications, quality and grades of industrial
products as well as the safety and sanitary requirements for them;
(2) the design, production, inspection, packing, storage, transportation
and methods of operation of industrial products as well as the safety and
sanitary requirements for them in the process of production, storage and
transportation;
(3) technical requirements and testing methods related to environmental
protection;
(4) the designs, construction procedure and safety requirements for
construction projects; and
(5) technical terms, symbols, code names and drawing methods related to
industrial production, project construction and environmental protection.
Major agricultural products and other items that need to be standardized
shall be designated by the State Council.
Article 3
The tasks of standardization shall include the formulation of standards
and organization of and supervision over the implementation of the
standards. Standardization shall be incorporated in the plan for national
economic and social development.
Article 4
The State shall encourage the active adoption of international standards.
Article 5
The department of standardization administration under the State Council
shall be in charge of the unified administration of standardization
throughout the country. Competent administrative authorities under the
State Council shall, in line with their respective functions, be in charge
of standardization in their respective departments and trades.
The departments of standardization administration of provinces, autonomous
regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be
in charge of the unified administration of standardization within their
respective administrative areas. Competent administrative authorities
under the governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities
directly under the Central Government shall, in line with their respective
functions, be in charge of standardization in their respective departments
and trades within their respective administrative areas.
The standardization administration departments and the competent
administrative authorities of cities and counties shall, in line with
their respective functions as assigned by the governments of provinces,
autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central
Government, be in charge of standardization within their respective
administrative areas.
Chapter II Formulation of Standards
Article 6
National standards shall be formulated for the technical requirements that
need to be unified nationwide. National standards shall be formulated by
the department of standardization administration under the State Council.
Where, in the absence of national standards, technical requirements for a
certain trade need to be unified, trade standards may be formulated. Trade
standards shall be formulated by competent administrative authorities
under the State Council and reported to the department of standardization
administration under the State Council for the record, and shall be
annulled on publication of the national standards. Where, in the absence
of both national and trade standards, safety and sanitary requirements for
industrial products need to be unified within a province, an autonomous
region or a municipality directly under the Central Government, local
standards may be formulated. Local standards shall be formulated by
departments of standardization administration of provinces, autonomous
regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and
reported to the department of standardization administration and the
competent administrative authorities under the State Council for the
record, and shall be annulled on publication of the national or trade
standards.
Where, in the absence of both national and trade standards for products
manufactured by an enterprise, standards for the enterprise shall be
formulated to serve as the criteria for the organization of production. An
enterprise's standards for its products shall be reported to the
standardization administration department and the competent administrative
authorities under the local government for the record. Where national or
trade standards have been formulated, the State shall encourage
enterprises to formulate their enterprise standards, which are more
stringent than the national or trade standards, to be used in these
enterprises.
Where the formulation of standards is otherwise provided for by law, such
legal provisions shall be complied with.
Article 7
National standards and trade standards shall be classified into compulsory
standards and voluntary standards. Those for safeguarding human health and
ensuring the safety of the person and of property and those for compulsory
execution as prescribed by the laws and administrative rules and
regulations shall be compulsory standards, the others shall be voluntary
standards.
The local standards formulated by standardization administration
departments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly
under the Central Government for the safety and sanitary requirements of
industrial products shall be compulsory standards within their respective
administrative areas.
Article 8
The formulation of standards shall be conducive to ensuring safety and the
people's health, safeguarding consumer interests and protecting the
environment.
Article 9
The standards to be formulated shall be conducive to a rational use of the
country's resources, a wider utilization of scientific and technological
gains and the enhancement of economic returns, conform to operation
instructions, increase the universality and interchangeability of
products, and be technologically advanced and economically rational.
Article 10
The standards to be formulated shall be coordinated with and supported by
related standards.
Article 11
The standards to be formulated shall help promote economic and
technological cooperation with foreign countries and foreign trade.
Article 12
The roles of trade associations, scientific research institutions and
academic organizations shall be brought into play in the formulation of
standards. A department engaged in the formulation of standards shall
organize a committee on standardization technology composed of
specialists, which shall be responsible for the drafting of the standards
and shall participate in the examination of the draft standards.
Article 13
After the standards come into force, the department that formulated them
shall, in the light of scientific and technological developments and the
needs in economic construction, make timely reviews of the current
standards to determine if they are to remain effective or are to be
revised or annulled.
Chapter III Implementation of Standards
Article 14
Compulsory standards must be complied with. It shall be prohibited to
produce, sell or import products that are not up to the compulsory
standards. With regard to voluntary standards, the State shall encourage
their adoption by enterprises on an optional basis.
Article 15
With respect to products for which national or trade standards have been
formulated, enterprises may apply to the standardization administration
department under the State Council or agencies authorized by the same
department for product quality authentication. For products which are
authenticated to conform to the standards, certificates shall be issued by
the department that made the authentication and the use of the prescribed
authentication marks shall be permitted on such products and the packing
thereof.
If products for which authentication certificates have been granted do not
conform to national or trade standards, or if products have not undergone
authentication or found not up to the standards after the authentication
proceedings, no authentication marks shall be permitted for use on such
products leaving factories for sale.
Article 16
Technical requirements for export products shall comply with contractual
provisions.
Article 17
The development of new products, improvement of products or technical
renovation by an enterprise shall conform to standardization requirements.
Article 18
Departments of standardization administration under governments at or
above the county level shall be responsible for supervision over and
inspection of the implementation of the standards.
Article 19
Departments of standardization administration under governments at or
above the county level may, in accordance with needs, establish inspection
organizations or authorize inspection organizations of other units to
examine whether products conform to the standards. Where the laws and
administrative rules and regulations provide otherwise on inspection
organizations, such provisions shall apply.
Disputes over whether a product conforms to the standards shall be handled
in accordance with the inspection data provided by the inspection
organizations as specified in the preceding paragraph.
Chapter IV Legal Responsibility
Article 20
Whoever produces, sells or imports products that do not conform to the
compulsory standards shall be dealt with according to law by the competent
administrative authorities as prescribed by the laws and administrative
rules and regulations. In the absence of such prescriptions, his products
and unlawful proceeds shall be confiscated and he shall be concurrently
fined by the administrative authorities for industry and commerce; where
serious consequences are caused and crimes are constituted, the person
directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in
accordance with the law.
Article 21
Where authentication marks are used on products leaving a factory for
sale, for which authentication certificates have been issued but which do
not conform to national or trade standards, the enterprise concerned shall
be ordered by the department of standardization administration to stop the
sale and shall be fined concurrently; where the circumstances are serious,
the authentication certificates shall be revoked by the department that
made the authentication.
Article 22
Whoever uses authentication marks, without authorization, on products
leaving a factory for sale, which have not undergone authentication or
have been found not up to the standards after the authentication
proceedings, shall be ordered by the department of standardization
administration to stop the sale and shall concurrently be fined.
Article 23
A party which refuses to accept the punishment of confiscation of its
products and of its unlawful proceeds and a fine may, within 15 days of
receiving the penalty notice, apply for reconsideration to the office
immediately above the one that made the punishment decision; a party which
refuses to obey the reconsideration decision may, within 15 days of
receiving the reconsideration decision, bring a suit before a people's
court. The party also may, within 15 days of receiving the penalty notice,
directly bring a suit before a people's court. If a party neither applies
for reconsideration nor brings a suit before a people's court within the
prescribed time nor complies with the punishment decision, the office that
made the punishment decision shall apply to a people's court for
compulsory execution.
Article 24
Personnel responsible for the supervision, inspection and administration
of standardization who violate the law or neglect their duties, or are
engaged in malpractices for personal gains, shall be given disciplinary
sanctions; where crimes are constituted, their criminal responsibility
shall be investigated in accordance with the law.
Chapter V Supplementary Provisions
Article 25
Rules for the implementation of this Law shall be formulated by the State
Council.
Article 26
This Law shall go into effect as of April 1, 1989.
Important Notice:
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
西安市人民政府关于印发西安市棚户区改造管理办法的通知
陕西省西安市人民政府
西安市人民政府关于印发西安市棚户区改造管理办法的通知
市政发〔2008〕77号 2008年7月28日
《西安市棚户区改造管理办法》已经市人民政府同意，现印发你们，请认真贯彻执行。
西安市棚户区改造管理办法
第一章 总则
第一条 为推动和规范本市棚户区改造工作，切实维护棚户区群众的切身利益，完善城市功能，促进我市经济和社会协调发展，根据有关法律、法规，结合本市实际，制定本办法。
第二条 本办法所称棚户区，是指在城市建成区范围内的国有土地上，因历史沿革形成的人均居住面积小、房屋不成套、建筑质量差、安全隐患大、市政设施不完善、环境条件脏、乱、差的集中成片居住区域。
本办法所称棚户区改造，是指根据本市社会经济发展计划和城市总体规划对棚户区进行综合改造的行为。
第三条 本市碑林区、新城区、莲湖区、未央区、雁塔区、灞桥区城市建成区范围内的棚户区改造和管理适用本办法。
第四条 棚户区改造项目分为市管项目和区管项目。
市管项目由市人民政府确定，统一筹资、统一组织实施。
区管项目由区人民政府申报，经市人民政府批准后，区人民政府自行筹资和组织实施。
第五条 市棚户区改造办公室是本市棚户区改造工作的主管部门，负责棚户区改造项目的计划管理、改造方案审核、预决算及合同管理、工程项目管理和综合协调等工作。
第六条 市城市改造建设有限公司是本市棚户区改造市管项目的法人，负责改造项目审批手续的申报、改造项目实施委托以及改造资金的筹措和管理工作。
区管项目的法人及实施单位由区人民政府确定后报市棚户区改造办公室备案。
第二章 改造项目管理
第七条 棚户区改造项目纳入全市城建投资计划，实行专项计划管理制度。专项改造计划分为年度改造计划和项目执行计划。
第八条 市棚户区改造办公室根据棚户区改造工作的总体安排和各区人民政府的申报情况，组织编制年度改造计划。
第九条 年度改造计划下达后，市城市改造建设有限公司应当对市管项目的实施单位及相关责任单位出具委托实施文件。
委托文件应当明确委托项目名称、委托内容、时限要求及相关费用等。
第十条 改造项目实施单位应当依据年度改造计划编制改造项目实施方案，报市棚户区改造办公室批准。
市棚户区改造办公室应于15个工作日内完成审查批复工作。
第十一条 改造项目实施单位应当按照批准的实施方案编制改造项目执行计划，报市棚户区改造办公室批准。
市棚户区改造办公室应于15个工作日内完成审查批复工作。
第十二条 实施改造的棚户区范围内零星插建的非棚房及少量集体土地，可以根据改造需要，与棚户区一并改造。棚户区改造项目可与其周边的企业进行土地整合，共同改造。
第三章 拆迁安置
第十三条 棚户区改造拆迁安置补偿依照有关拆迁安置补偿的法律、法规及政策执行。
第十四条 改造项目的拆迁安置费用预决算由市棚户区改造办公室组织审查。
对于在拆迁安置过程中，因客观原因需要变更拆迁安置补偿方案或标准，增加拆迁安置预算的，需报市棚户区改造办公室批准。
第十五条 市管项目拆迁完成后，由市棚户区改造办公室组织相关单位对场地进行验收。需出让的，由市棚户区改造办公室组织包装策划和配套后，移交市国土行政管理部门按照国家的相关规定进行出让。
区管项目拆迁完成后，由区人民政府组织验收，并报市棚户区改造办公室备案。腾迁土地出让收益应当全部用于区管项目改造。
第十六条 棚户区居住用房拆迁实行产权调换、货币补偿两种补偿安置方式。被拆迁人可以自主选择拆迁补偿方式。
第十七条 拆迁人根据被拆迁人的情况，可以采用购买普通商品房、经济适用住房或者提供廉租住房的方式进行安置。
第十八条 被拆迁房屋进行产权调换安置后应当按照有关规定办理产权登记。
第十九条 市管项目安置被拆迁人后剩余的房屋，由市棚户区改造办公室商市级国土、房屋管理部门制订方案，予以销售。
第四章 安置用房建设管理
第二十条 市管项目安置用房建设项目方案设计前，市棚户区改造办公室应当组织市城市改造建设有限公司、项目拆迁安置实施单位及安置用房建设实施单位共同研究确定安置用房的面积、套型等，制订安置用房建设项目设计任务书，并依据设计任务书组织设计。
第二十一条 以下市管项目安置用房建设项目应当由安置用房建设实施单位依法组织进行招标：
（一）单项合同估算价在100万元以上的建设工程；
（二）单项合同估算在50万元以上的设备材料采购；
（三）单项合同估算价在30万元以上的勘察、设计、监理等服务。
市监察局、市棚户区改造办公室应当对招标活动进行监督。
第二十二条 进行招标项目的合同应当向市棚户区改造办公室备案；其他市管项目的合同在签订前应当经市棚户区改造办公室核准。
第二十三条 施工单位应当严格按照批准的施工图设计文件组织施工。确需变更设计的，应当经设计单位同意并出具正式变更文件。单项设计变更引起工程造价变动费用超过30万元或者合同价5%的市管项目，由项目建设实施单位报市棚户区改造办公室核准。市棚户区改造办公室应在10个工作日内对设计变更事项做出决定。
第二十四条 市管项目现场签证由项目建设实施单位提出，并提供签证事项发生的原因、内容、范围、时间、处理办法、工程量增减等相关资料，由项目建设实施单位、监理单位及施工单位共同签字盖章确认。
现场签证费用总额超出5万元的，项目建设实施单位应及时向市棚户区改造办公室报审并编制补充预算。禁止分解报审。
第二十五条 验收合格的市管项目安置用房，由市棚户区改造办公室组织移交，拆迁安置实施单位接收后组织实施被拆迁人的安置工作。
第二十六条 项目建设实施单位应当及时将建设过程中的档案资料报送市棚户区改造办公室。
第二十七条 棚户区改造的安置用房建设项目免收城市基础设施配套费（不含代收资金）、工程定额测定费、散装水泥专项基金、新型墙体材料专项基金。
第二十八条 区管项目的安置用房建设，应当参照本章有关规定，由区人民政府负责组织和管理，并接受市棚户区改造办公室监督指导。
第五章 资金管理
第二十九条 市管项目设立棚户区项目改造专项资金，专款专用。
专项资金包括银行信贷资金、市人民政府注入的项目资本金、腾迁土地出让收益、安置项目中配置的公建及安置后剩余的房屋出售收益、棚户区安置用房补差款收益以及其他可作为棚户区改造专项资金的收入部分组成。
专项资金的具体管理办法由市财政局和市棚户区改造办公室制定。
第三十条 市城市改造建设有限公司、市管项目拆迁安置实施单位和安置用房建设实施单位应当分别在承贷银行开设专用账户，专项用于承建项目的资金结算业务。
第三十一条 市管项目实施单位应当按工程进度要求，制订全年资金使用计划，并于每月25日前将下月用款计划报市棚户区改造办公室。
第三十二条 市管项目实施单位用款时应向市棚户区改造办公室提出书面申请，市棚户区改造办公室进行审核后，向市城市改造建设有限公司下达资金拨付计划。
第三十三条 项目法人支付工程款项时应当保留15%的合同金额，所余款项待决算审查完成后，除预留5%的质量保证金外，一并拨付。
第六章 监督检查
第三十四条 市监察局、市棚户区改造办公室应当加强对棚户区改造项目进度和资金使用情况的监督检查。
第三十五条 棚户区改造管理工作人员应当认真履行职责。对滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊的，由所在单位或上级主管部门给予行政处分；造成损失的，依法予以赔偿。
第三十六条 在实施棚户区改造过程中，违反土地、建设、规划、财税、城市拆迁等法律法规规定的，由有关行政管理部门予以处罚。
第三十七条 棚户区改造项目接受社会监督，市棚户区改造办公室应当向社会公布监督举报电话。
第七章 附则
第三十八条 本办法自2008年8月28日起施行。
